On February 23, 1903, Cuba leased Guantánamo Bay to the United States "in perpetuity" as part of the
Cuban-American Treaty. The United States subsequently used the lease to establish a Naval Base at Guantánamo.

With the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in October 2001, an internationally controversial military prison was built at Guantánamo to house prisoners of war and terrorism suspects captured by American forces.